PHARMACOKINETICS

PHARMACOKINETICS 

HOW THE HUMAN BODY ACT ON THE DRUGS 

PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) is quantitative study of drug movement in, through and out of the body. Intensity of effect is related to concentration of the drug at the site of action, which depends on its pharmacokinetics properties

PHARMACOKINETICS properties of particular drug is important to determine the route of administration, dose, onset of action, peak action time, duration and frequency of dosing 

PHARMACOKINETICS define as quantitative study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME ), and their mathematical relationship 



LIBERATION
LIBERATION is the first step in the process by which medication enters the body and liberates the active ingredient that has been administered. The pharmaceutical drug must seprate from the vehicle or the excipient that it was mixed during manufacturing 

ABSORPTION 
ABSORPTION refers to the movement of medication from where it entered the body to the bloodstream. Enternal medications are typically absorbed through stomach or intestinal mucosa. This include any medication that taken by mounth. Factors that can influence absorption of enteral medication are food in stomach, Drug solubility, and blood flow 

There are some other routes of absorption of drug which we discuss later

DISTRIBUTION
After absorption comes DISTRIBUTION, or transport of the medication via bloodstream to the intended action site. The blood supply to the area will determine the rate of distribution. For e.g. areas such as the heart and brain have an increased blood supply, so medication will act more rapidly on these areas.

METABOLISM
METABOLISM refers to the breakdown of medication into an inactive form. Metabolism is also referred as BIOTRANSFORMATION because of the effect on the chemical consistency of medication. The primary organ of medication metabolism is the liver, although some medications are metabolized in the kidneys, lungs, and intestinal track. etc 

EXCRETION 
EXCRETION is the process of removing a drug and it's metabolites from the body. This usually happens in the kidneys via urine produced in them. Other possible routes include bile, saliva, sweat, tears and faeces. 





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