Coronavirus vaccine: when will we have?

Vaccines: How long it usually takes to make them 
Vaccines typically take about 10 to 15 years to develop. That's in part because any new medical treatment needs to be thoroughly tested for safety before it can be distributed to millions or billions of people. 
The mumps vaccine took four years, which is widely considered the fastest vaccine approval in the history of infectious disease.


Biggest vaccine hunt in history 
Never before has the hunt for vaccine been so massive in scale and Speed. As of there are more than 115 potential COVID-19 vaccine candidates in different countries at various stages of development. However, the world health organization (W.H.O.) has identified 7-8 of these vaccine as frontrunners in reasearch and trails.

So how far is india from a successful vaccine and what are the chances of getting in our country if one of this vaccine become successful? 

What is happening with coronavirus vaccine development 
There are currently over 100 vaccines reportedly under development in countries around the world. With 13 reportedly already in clinical trials as of last month. That means there are more scientists working harder and faster on finding a vaccine than ever before in the history of pandemics. But even if one or more of the vaccine now in works turns out to be effective, the FDA approval process typically takes a year or longer 


Different companies working in different ways to have COVID-19 vaccine

Oxford University vaccine: 
The Oxford University vaccine has been named ChAdOx1 n CoV-19 
The vaccine is being made from a weekend strain of common cold virus called adenovirus. This virus cause infection in chimpanzees but has now been genetically modified in the manner that it cannot replicate in humans. To being with it was tested on rhesus macaque monkeys and showed promising results. But recently this potential vaccine suffered as setback. During the trail, the vaccine failed to prevent COVID-19 infection in monkeys 

Moderna Inc vaccine: 
Moderna Inc is an American biotechnology company that is developing the vaccine jointly with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. It's vaccine is under trail by the name of mRNA-1273 
Moderna is trying a noval approach to develop a vaccine as compared to traditional methods. It carries an mRNA sequence so that when injected with it, the body can start making specific varial proteins. These viral proteins then trigger the formation of antibodies inside the body. These antibodies are ready to fight coronavirus if there is infection 
The Food and Administration (FDA) of USA has approach Moderna to initiate a Phase- II 
Clinical trial study, which will include 600 healthy volunteers

GlaxoSmithKline: 
Gsk is leading vaccine maker, having brought to market vaccines for human papillomavirus (HPV) and the seasonal flu, it also announced a string a wide-reaching collaboration during the pandemic, most notably a deal with Sanofi to jointly develop a vaccine candidate. The company expect to launch clinical trials in second half of the year.

Serum Institute of India (SII)
Adar Poonawalla, the CEO of Serum Institute of India (SII), Seems to be the man India is banking on bring in successful vaccine for indians. SII is a global giant when it comes to producing vaccines. It produces 1.5 billion doses of 20 different vaccines which are exported to 165 different countries. 
According to "Forbes", a handful of other Indian companies are also trying on their own to develop a vaccine and all of them are adopting different approaches for it. 

Zydus Cadila 
Zydus Cadila from Ahmedabad is using the virus vector approach, along with developing DNA platform Vaccine. The DNA  vaccine against the viral membrane protein required for the virus entery into the host cell. In host cells, the delivery plasmind DNA would translate into viral protein and trigger an immune response via cellular and hormonal arms of immune system 

There are more than 15 companies are working on CORONAVIRUS treatment or vaccine. They are:-
  • Amgen and Adaptive Biotechnologies 
  • Atimmune Inc.
  • BioNTech and Pfizer 
  • CytoDyn 
  • Gilead Sciences 
  • Heat Biologics 
  • Inovio Pharmaceuticals 
  • Jonson & Jonson 
  • Novavax 
  • Regeneron Pharmaceuticals 
  • Roche 
  • Sanofi 
  • Takeda Pharmaceutical
  • Vaxart Inc.
  • Vir Biotechnology 

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